Canine distemper is one of the most highly infectious diseases in dogs, next to rabies. Said to be related to human measles, this canine virus affects the gastrointestinal, respiratory and central nervous systems of dogs, as well as the nerves in the eyes. The severity of the infection varies depending on the virus strain, the dog’s health condition and immune system, and whether or not a dog has already been vaccinated. Canine distemper protection is a must for all pet dogs.
What are the Signs and Symptoms?
Signs of canine distemper are unfortunately not present in the early phases of the infection. But sometimes, a dog may suffer from a fever as well as low white blood cell count. If the dog’s immune system is not able to fight off the infection, the virus progresses to the central nervous system. Three things can happen after this: the dog becomes infected without exhibiting any signs, the disease resolves on its own or the disease becomes systemic.
When the infection becomes systemic, a dog will show the following symptoms:
- Nasal discharge
- Discharge from the eyes
- Weakness
- Mild conjunctivitis or swelling of the eyelid
- Loss of appetite
- Fever
When the infection worsens, there will be other symptoms and complications, which include shortness of breath, coughing and pneumonia. There will also be gastrointestinal issues like vomiting and diarrhea. Loose stools may or may not be accompanied by blood. Dehydration is the usual consequence of diarrhea.
But that’s not all. A dog with canine distemper can also suffer from neurological impairments one to two weeks or up to years after contracting the virus. Symptoms can include but are not limited to involuntary twitching of the muscles, seizures, lack of muscle coordination, limb paralysis (partial or the whole body), eye problems and brain disturbances. These are usually irreversible and progressive.
Preventing Canine Distemper
The most efficient way to prevent this infection is to have your dog vaccinated at six to eight weeks of age. According to the American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA), dogs must receive booster shot for this virus every three years. This is even though CDV vaccines protect against this disease for five years.
Another important thing to remember about canine distemper protection is to strengthen your dog’s immune resistance. The immune system is the dog’s first defense against viruses. Providing adequate nutrition and opportunities for regular exercise is a must. Make sure that your dog maintains the ideal weight for its breed.
Moreover, you should see to it that your pet is not exposed to other infected dogs or unhealthy environments, particularly before he or she is vaccinated. Be sure to clean and disinfect their kennel so that the virus cannot thrive in their environment.
Vaccines have done so much for canine distemper protection, dramatically reducing the incidence of this infection among both puppies and adult dogs. Do your part as a pet owner to protect your dog from this serious disease.
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